Travel the World with Us—Learners in Chile Love Thea!

Back to Thea Times

Stretching from the world’s driest desert in the north to the icy fjords of Patagonia in the south, Chile is geographically unique—and its culture is just as diverse. With its ancient civilizations and modern innovations, this South American country continues to evolve while staying deeply connected to its roots. And no matter what you’re looking for, Chile has a story worth exploring. 

History 

Chile’s history begins long before colonization. For thousands of years, Indigenous peoples like the Mapuche, Aymara, Diaguita, and Rapa Nui inhabited different regions of what is now Chile. The Mapuche, in particular, played a central role in resisting colonization and continues to be an important cultural presence. 

In the 15th century, the Inca Empire expanded into northern Chile, bringing with it agriculture, architecture, and a road system. However, much of central and southern Chile remained independent, especially Mapuche territory, which remained unconquered by both Inca and, later, Spanish forces for centuries. 

The Spanish arrived in the mid-1500s, led by Pedro de Valdivia, who founded Santiago in 1541. Chile became part of the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru, but due to its distance and harsh terrain, it remained a relatively isolated and rural colony. Colonial Chile was plagued by frequent conflicts with the Mapuche and a heavily agricultural economy based on haciendas (large estates). 

In the early 1800s, Chileans began their fight for independence, inspired by other Latin American revolutions. After years of struggle, Chile declared independence in 1818 under the leadership of Bernardo O’Higgins and José de San Martín. The 19th century brought political experimentation and expansion into southern territory, but also displacement of Indigenous communities. 

In the 20th century Chile experienced a period of industrial growth and growing social movements, followed by intense political polarization. In 1970, Salvador Allende became the world’s first democratically elected Marxist president. His presidency was ended by a military coup in 1973 led by General Augusto Pinochet, ushering in a 17-year dictatorship of economic liberalization, human rights abuses, and political repression. 

Chile returned to democracy in 1990 and has since built one of Latin America's most stable economies. The country is known today for its strong education system, active civil society, and continued social movements aimed at addressing inequality and rewriting its constitution. Chileans have shown a strong commitment to democratic change, civic engagement, and cultural preservation. 

The Flavors of Chile 

Chilean cuisine reflects its long coastline, fertile valleys, and Indigenous roots. Many dishes center around seafood, fresh vegetables, corn, and meats—often prepared in simple but flavorful ways. 

One of Chile’s most beloved comfort foods is pastel de choclo, a baked corn pie made with seasoned beef, chicken, olives, and hard-boiled eggs, topped with sweet corn purée. Another staple is empanadas de pino, filled with a mix of minced meat, onions, raisins, olives, and eggs. 

Seafood plays a huge role in Chilean cuisine. Caldillo de congrio, a fish stew made with eel, potatoes, tomatoes, and herbs, is especially popular in coastal towns. Mariscal, a chilled seafood dish made with clams, mussels, and other shellfish, is often enjoyed in the summer.

In the south, dishes like curanto, a traditional Chilote meal cooked underground with hot stones, combine meat, seafood, potatoes, and dumplings for a true communal feast. 

For dessert, alfajores (dulce de leche-filled cookies), mote con huesillo (a sweet drink made with wheat and dried peaches), and torta de mil hojas (a layered caramel cake) are local favorites. 

Chilean drinks include pisco sour, a cocktail made with grape brandy, and terremoto (“earthquake”), a sweet punch of white wine, pineapple ice cream, and grenadine. Herbal teas, especially mate, are common, and Chilean wine is globally recognized for its quality and tradition. 

Travel 

Chile’s geography offers a little bit of everything—deserts, mountains, forests, beaches, glaciers, and volcanoes. It’s a dream destination for outdoor lovers, photographers, and anyone curious to see one of the most geographically diverse countries on Earth. 

In the north, the Atacama Desert is one of the driest places on Earth with surreal landscapes—salt flats, geysers, and crystal-clear skies perfect for stargazing. 

Central Chile is home to Santiago, the capital, which blends modern energy with colonial architecture and mountain views. Nearby cities like Valparaíso, with its colorful hillside homes and murals, and Viña del Mar, with its beaches and gardens, offer a great mix of culture and relaxation. 

The Lake District features volcanoes, deep blue lakes, and lush forests. Towns like Puerto Varas and Pucón are ideal for hiking, kayaking, or soaking in thermal baths. Further south, Patagonia is world-famous for its natural beauty. Torres del Paine National Park offers jagged peaks, glacier lakes, and trekking routes that attract adventurers from around the globe. 

And then there’s Rapa Nui (Easter Island), one of the most remote inhabited islands in the world. Known for its mysterious moai statues, it’s a place that blends Polynesian and Chilean heritage in a way that’s entirely unique. 

If you're exploring ancient cave art, walking through Andean valleys, or sipping coffee in a Santiago café, Chile offers an unforgettable experience at every turn. 

Back to Thea 

This month, we’re celebrating Chile for its cultural richness and thriving student community. Education plays a vital role in Chile’s future, and Thea is here to help students stay focused, organized, and motivated. 

Sign up for free!